New Chronology

What If History Is Wrong?

The universally accepted version of world history was created in the XVI-XVII centuries by Joseph Scaliger and Dionysius Petavius. Using mathematical statistics, astronomical analysis, and extensive documentary research, Fomenko and Nosovsky argue this chronology contains catastrophic errors.

The “ancient” civilizations of Rome, Greece, and Egypt are not separated from us by millennia; they are medieval. The Mongol invasion never happened. The Great Tartary was the largest state in the world. History was deliberately falsified in the XVII-XVIII centuries.

According to New Chronology: “Antiquity” refers to events 300-400 years ago. “High Antiquity” is the XIII-XIV centuries. Before the X-XI centuries lies the epoch of silence.

The Reconstruction

The Mongol Myth

The “Mongol-Tartar invasion” was not a foreign conquest but the unification of Russia under the Horde, the professional Russian army. “Mongol” meant “Great” (from Greek “Megalion”), not a reference to modern Mongolia.

Modern Mongolia did not exist as an independent state until 1911. Before that, Mongols had no knowledge of “Genghis Khan” or their supposed world conquest. These stories were introduced by Soviet historians in the 20th century. The Horde was the Russian army. “Khan” is a military title (compare to German “Konig”).

This explains why no archaeological evidence of Mongol cities exists in Mongolia, why Russian and “Mongol” noble families intermarried freely, why “Mongol” administration used Russian and Arabic rather than Mongolian, and why Russian churches thrived under “Mongol” rule.

Great Tartary

According to the 1771 Britannica, Great Tartary was the world’s largest state, spanning Siberia to North America. It vanished from later editions without explanation. The Romanovs and early USA divided its territories after “Pugachev’s rebellion.”

Moscow Tartary spanned the Urals, Siberia, Central Asia, the Far East, Alaska, and North America. The conflict between Moscow Tartary and Romanov Russia ended in the second half of the XVIII century with the famous “peasant war” against “Pugachev.” Only after this victory did European emigrants on the Atlantic seaboard venture West.

In 1776, straight after the defeat of “Pugachev,” the United States of America emerged. The “War of Independence” was actually the struggle for parceling the vast American lands of the Russian Horde.

Christ in the XII Century

Jesus Christ was born in 1152 and crucified in Constantinople in 1185. He is identified with Byzantine Emperor Andronicus I Comnenus. The Crusades were revenge expeditions for his death, launched from Russia-Horde.

Andronicus I Comnenus matches the Gospel accounts in remarkable detail: entered Constantinople triumphantly, drove money-changers and corrupt officials from power, was beloved by common people and hated by elites, was betrayed by close associates, subjected to torture and public execution. The Shroud of Turin may preserve his image.

Rome Founded in XIV Century

Ancient Rome was founded in Italy in the XIV century A.D. “Ancient” Greece consisted of medieval Crusader settlements. The “Trojan War” occurred in the XIII century as revenge for Christ’s crucifixion.

Troy = Constantinople = Jerusalem = Czar-Grad. These names all refer to the same city at different periods or in different linguistic traditions. “Helen of Troy” is a reflection of the Virgin Mary. After Troy’s fall, refugees fled in multiple directions. Aeneas traveled to Russia, where he appears in chronicles as Ryurik, founder of the Russian royal dynasty.

Medieval Egypt

The pyramids of Giza were built between the XI-XV centuries as the royal cemetery of the “Mongolian” Empire. All Egyptian horoscopes carved in stone decode to medieval dates. The Sphinx faces medieval construction techniques.

Fomenko was the first to systematically decipher and date all Egyptian horoscopes, coming up with medieval dates in every case: the Dendera Zodiac dates to 1168 A.D. (not 50 B.C.); zodiacs in the Valley of the Kings date to XII-XV centuries.

The Great Falsification

In the XVII-XVIII centuries, the victors of the Reformation wars rewrote history. The Romanovs employed German historians to fabricate Russian history. Ancient texts were forged or backdated. The Scaligerian timeline was imposed globally.

Joseph Scaliger created the chronological framework still used today. His “De Emendatione Temporum” (1583) established the dates for ancient history that all subsequent historians have accepted. Dionysius Petavius, a Jesuit, refined Scaliger’s system. Together they created “ancient” Egypt, Greece, Rome, Babylon, separating recent events by fictional millennia.

Kepler himself expressed doubts: “Scaliger me seduxit” (Scaliger deceived me) and “Terret me studium chronologicum” (Chronological study terrifies me).

Methods

Astronomical Dating - Analysis of eclipses, zodiacs, and star catalogues. The Almagest star positions indicate medieval, not ancient, observations. By analyzing the systematic errors in star positions, astronomers can determine when observations were actually made. The Almagest star catalogue was compiled between 600-1300 A.D., with the most likely date around the X-XI centuries.

Statistical Analysis - Dynasty correlation matrices reveal that “different” ancient dynasties are statistical duplicates of the same medieval rulers. Using statistical analysis of reign lengths, Fomenko discovered that supposedly different ancient dynasties are mathematical duplicates. Roman emperors = Byzantine emperors = Holy Roman emperors = Russian tsars (shifted copies).

Textual Fingerprinting - Author-invariant analysis of chronicles shows systematic copying and backdating of historical narratives.

Artifact Analysis - Examination of construction techniques, materials, and artistic styles reveals medieval origins for “ancient” monuments. French materials scientist Joseph Davidovits demonstrated that pyramid blocks show characteristics of cast limestone concrete, not quarried stone.

Timeline of the True History

XI Century - The First Rome emerges in Constantinople (Czar-Grad). This is the true origin point of the Imperial tradition. The epoch before this is the “silence of written documents” - not because records were lost, but because civilization as we know it had not yet begun.

XII Century - Birth of Christ in 1152, crucifixion in 1185 at Constantinople. The evangelical events occur. Christianity spreads through the Empire. The Crusades begin as military expeditions of revenge.

XIII Century - The legendary Trojan War occurs: the siege of Constantinople by revenge-seeking forces. After the fall, Trojan refugees migrate to Vladimir-Suzdal Russia. Russia-Horde emerges as a powerful multinational state.

XIV Century - Ivan Kalita = Batu Khan launches the Western campaign. The “Mongol invasion” is actually the unification of Eurasia under Russia-Horde. Genghis Khan = Georgiy Danilovich. The Kulikovo Field battle (1380) establishes Moscow as capital. Pyramids constructed in Egypt as Imperial burial sites.

XV Century - Ottoman Empire (Atamans = Cossack leaders) merges with Russia-Horde. America discovered and colonized by the Empire. Noah’s Ark = Columbus’s expedition.

XVI Century - Religious schism in Western Europe. Ivan the Terrible prepares punitive campaigns against reformers. Shakespeare writes about XII-XVI century Imperial history, not fiction. Hamlet is a reflection of Christ (Andronicus) and John the Baptist.

XVII Century - The Romanovs seize power through conspiracy. German historians rewrite Russian history. Scaliger and Petavius construct the false ancient chronology. Original documents destroyed or altered.

The Authors

Anatoly T. Fomenko - Born 1945. Full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Head of the Department of Differential Geometry at Moscow State University. Winner of the 1996 State Prize of the Russian Federation in Mathematics. Author of 250+ scientific works, 24 monographs. Specialist in geometry, topology, calculus of variations, symplectic topology, and Hamiltonian mechanics. Developer of the mathematical methods underlying New Chronology research since 1973.

Gleb V. Nosovsky - Born 1958. Candidate of Physical-Mathematical Sciences. Specialist in probability theory, mathematical statistics, stochastic processes, and computer modeling. Worked at the Space Research Institute (Moscow) and University of Aizu (Japan). Joined New Chronology research in 1981. Co-author of all major works with Fomenko since the 1990s. Primary researcher on documentary evidence and historical analysis.